HubMed - far infrared therapy
Cellular uptake, antitumor response and tumor penetration of cisplatin-loaded milk protein nanoparticles.
Biomaterials. 2013 Jan; 34(4): 1372-82
Zhen X, Wang X, Xie C, Wu W, Jiang X
The casein nanoparticles cross-linked by transglutaminase were prepared, and cisplatin (CDDP), as a model antitumor drug, was loaded into the casein nanoparticles. These nanoparticles were characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and zeta potential. The uptake and penetration of nanoparticles in 2- and 3-dimensional SH-SY5Y cells were examined at 37 °C and 4 °C. The in vivo biodistribution of the nanoparticles was investigated using near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging and ion-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The antitumor effect of CDDP-loaded nanoparticles was evaluated on hepatic H22 tumor-bearing mice model via intravenous administration. It is found that the obtained nanoparticles showed spherical shape with the size of 257 nm, and drug loading content of 10%. These CDDP-loaded casein nanoparticles have the extraordinary capabilities to penetrate cell membrane barriers, target tumor and inhibit tumor growth. The tumor growth inhibition of CDDP-loaded nanoparticles is 1.5-fold higher than that of free CDDP. Further, the penetration examination of the CDDP-loaded casein nanoparticles in the tumor tissue demonstrated that the nanoparticles had the ability to penetrate the tumor and deliver CDDP to the tumor more deeply and affect the cells far from the vasculature.
HubMed - Cupping Therapy
Pulsatile dry cupping in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee - a randomized controlled exploratory trial.
BMC Complement Altern Med. 2012; 12: 184
Teut M, Kaiser S, Ortiz M, Roll S, Binting S, Willich SN, Brinkhaus B
Cupping is used in various traditional medicine forms to relieve pain in musculoskeletal diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of cupping in relieving the symptoms of knee osteoarthritis (OA).In a two-group, randomized controlled exploratory pilot study patients with a clinically and radiological confirmed knee OA (Kellgren-Lawrence Grading Scale: 2-4) and a pain intensity > 40 mm on a 100 mm visual analogue scale (VAS) were included. 40 Patients were randomized to either 8 sessions of pulsatile dry cupping within 4 weeks or no intervention (control). Paracetamol was allowed on demand for both groups. Outcomes were the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis (WOMAC) score, the pain intensity on a VAS (0 mm = no pain to 100 mm = maximum intensity) and Quality of Life (SF-36) 4 and 12 weeks after randomization. Use of Paracetamol was documented within the 4-week treatment period. Analyses were performed by analysis of covariance adjusting for the baseline value for each outcome.21 patients were allocated to the cupping group (5 male; mean age 68 ± SD 7.2) and 19 to the control group (8 male; 69 ± 6.8). After 4 weeks the WOMAC global score improved significantly more in the cupping group with a mean of 27.7 (95% confidence interval 22.1; 33.3) compared to 42.2 (36.3; 48.1) in the control group (p = 0.001). After 12 weeks the WOMAC global score were still significantly different in favor for cupping (31.0 (24.9; 37.2) vs. 40.8 (34.4; 47.3) p = 0.032), however the WOMAC subscores for pain and stiffness were not significant anymore. Significantly better outcomes in the cupping group were also observed for pain intensity on VAS and for the SF-36 Physical Component Scale compared to the control group after 4 and 12 weeks. No significant difference was observed for the SF-36 Mental Component Scale and the total number of consumed Paracetamol tablets between both groups (mean 9.1, SD ± 20.0 vs. 11.5 ± 15.9).In this exploratory study dry cupping with a pulsatile cupping device relieved symptoms of knee OA compared to no intervention. Further studies comparing cupping with active treatments are needed.Clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01057043.
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