HubMed - far infrared therapy
Low-intensity far-red light inhibits early lesions that contribute to diabetic retinopathy: in vivo and in vitro.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2013 Apr 4;
Tang J, Du Y, Lee CA, Talahalli R, Eells JT, Kern TS
Purpose. Treatment with light in the far-red to near-infrared region of the spectrum (photobiomodulation [PBM]) has beneficial effects in tissue injury. We investigated the therapeutic efficacy of 670 nm PBM in rodent and cultured cell models of diabetic retinopathy. Methods. Studies were conducted in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and in cultured retinal cells. Diabetes-induced retinal degeneration was assessed functionally, biochemically and histologically in vivo and in vitro. Results. We observed beneficial effects of PBM on the neural and vascular elements of retina. Daily 670 nm PBM treatment (6 J/cm(2)) resulted in significant inhibition in the diabetes-induced death of retinal ganglion cells, as well as, a 50% improvement of the ERG amplitude (photopic b wave responses) (both p<0.01). To explore the mechanism for these beneficial effects, we examined physiologic and molecular changes related cell survival, oxidative stress and inflammation. PBM did not alter cytochrome oxidase activity in the retina or in cultured retinal cells. PBM inhibited diabetes-induced superoxide production and preserved MnSOD expression in vivo. Diabetes significantly increased both leukostasis and expression of ICAM-1, and PBM essentially prevented both of these abnormalities. In cultured retinal cells, 30mM glucose exposure increased superoxide production, inflammatory biomarker expression and cell death. PBM inhibited all of these abnormalities. Conclusions. PBM ameliorated diabetic retinopathy in vivo and reduced oxidative stress and cell death in vitro. PBM has been documented to have minimal risk. PBM is noninvasive, inexpensive, and easy to administer. We conclude that PBM is a simple adjunct therapy to attenuate the development of diabetic retinopathy.
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